{"id":3366,"date":"2021-10-20T14:05:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-20T11:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/?p=3366"},"modified":"2021-12-08T23:14:55","modified_gmt":"2021-12-08T23:14:55","slug":"tereke-tespit-davasi-ve-tespit-edilen-terekenin-paylastirilmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/tereke-tespit-davasi-ve-tespit-edilen-terekenin-paylastirilmasi.html","title":{"rendered":"TEREKE TESP\u0130T DAVASI VE TESP\u0130T ED\u0130LEN TEREKEN\u0130N PAYLA\u015eTIRILMASI"},"content":{"rendered":"

TEREKE TESP\u0130T DAVASI VE TESP\u0130T ED\u0130LEN TEREKEN\u0130N PAYLA\u015eTIRILMASI<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Murisin terekesinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, murisle miras\u00e7\u0131 aras\u0131nda yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131 veya murisin bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n tam olarak saptanamamas\u0131 gibi durumlarda murisin terekesinin tespiti ve bu nedenle miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal edecek olan mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti do\u011frudan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu gibi durumlarda miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal edecek terekenin tam ve do\u011fru olarak saptanabilmesi i\u00e7in tereke tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7mak gerekmektedir. Bunun yan\u0131nda tespit edilen terekenin miras\u00e7\u0131lara, miras paylar\u0131 oran\u0131nda intikal etmesi de ayr\u0131 bir hukuki sorun te\u015fkil etmektedir. Bu yaz\u0131da tereke tespit davas\u0131 ve terekenin tespitinden sonra terekenin miras\u00e7\u0131lara ge\u00e7i\u015fine ili\u015fkin genel esaslar ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tereke Tespit Davas\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Miras\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte murise ait t\u00fcm hak ve bor\u00e7lar kendili\u011finden miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal eder. Ancak murise ait hak ve bor\u00e7lar\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131lara tam olarak intikali zaman almaktad\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nem i\u00e7inde terekenin zarar g\u00f6rmemesi ve terekenin de\u011ferinin belirlenmesi i\u00e7in tereke tespit davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir.[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Yarg\u0131tay 14. Hukuk dairesi 2016\/6394 E. ve 2019\/5096 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda \u201cDava, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanununun 589. ve devam\u0131 maddelerinde yer olan \u201ckoruma \u00f6nlemi\u201d olarak \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihi itibariyle terekeyi olu\u015fturan unsurlar\u0131 belirlemek, b\u00f6ylece olas\u0131 ihtilaflarda ba\u015fvuru kayna\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturmak, bu sayede terekenin i\u00e7eri\u011fi ile ilgili \u00f6l\u00fcm an\u0131ndaki durumu \u00f6\u011frenme imk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131 elde etmeye y\u00f6nelik olarak terekede bulunan mal ve haklar\u0131n tespitine ili\u015fkindir.<\/em>\u201c demek suretiyle tereke tespiti davas\u0131n\u0131n hukuki nitelendirmesini yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi 2013\/13009E. 2014\/17643K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 da tereke tespiti davas\u0131n\u0131n hukuki niteli\u011fine de\u011finmi\u015f ve an\u0131lan karar\u0131nda tereke tespiti davas\u0131n\u0131n bir istihkak davas\u0131 de\u011fil ve delil tespiti niteli\u011fine sahip oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir.[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131 kimler taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131labilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bu davay\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n her biri bir di\u011ferinin r\u0131zas\u0131na gerek duymadan a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131nda g\u00f6revli mahkeme hangisidir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6100 Say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun 382. maddesinin 2.f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (c) bendi uyar\u0131nca terekenin tespiti \u00e7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 i\u015fi niteli\u011findedir. Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun 383. maddesinde d\u00fczenledi\u011fi \u00fczere \u00e7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 i\u015flerinde aksine bir d\u00fczenleme bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde g\u00f6revli mahkeme sulh hukuk mahkemesidir. Terekenin tespiti i\u00e7in g\u00f6revli mahkemeye ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel bir d\u00fczenleme bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan 6100 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 383. maddesi uyar\u0131nca tereke tespiti davalar\u0131nda g\u00f6revli mahkeme sulh hukuk mahkemesi<\/u><\/strong> olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131nda yetkili mahkeme neresidir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davalar\u0131nda yetkili mahkeme ise T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 576. maddesi uyar\u0131nca belirlenecektir. An\u0131lan maddeye g\u00f6re bu davalarda yetkili mahkeme miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihindeki yerle\u015fim yeri mahkemesidir.<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131 ne zaman a\u00e7\u0131labilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in bir zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresi bulunmamaktad\u0131r; dava kural olarak terekenin payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131na kadar a\u00e7\u0131labilecektir. Nitekim bu husus Yarg\u0131tay 14. Hukuk dairesi 2016\/6394 E. ve 2019\/5096 K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda \u201cKoruma \u00f6nlemi olarak terekenin tespiti i\u015flemi, kural olarak bir s\u00fcreye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmay\u0131p, bu \u00f6nlemin al\u0131nmas\u0131 olanaks\u0131z veya yarars\u0131z hale gelmedik\u00e7e tereke payla\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece istenebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, koruma \u00f6nlemi olarak terekenin tespiti i\u015fleminin maddi hukuk bak\u0131m\u0131ndan haklara ve bor\u00e7lara bir etkisi bulunmamaktad\u0131r\u201d <\/em>\u015feklinde belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131nda mahkemenin g\u00f6revleri nelerdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131nda mahkemenin g\u00f6revleri Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi 2013\/13009 E. 2014\/17643K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda \u015fu \u015fekilde belirtilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

\u201c… Bu nedenle mahkemece yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken i\u015f terekeye ait oldu\u011fu bildirilen mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 tespit edip deftere ge\u00e7irmek, bunlardan muhafazas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayanlar varsa sat\u0131p paraya \u00e7evrilmesini sa\u011flamak ve menkuller i\u00e7in de para, d\u00f6viz vb. varsa bunlar\u0131 tereke malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bankaya yat\u0131rmak; alt\u0131n vb. ziynet e\u015fyalar\u0131 varsa bunlar\u0131 tereke mahkemesi kasas\u0131na al\u0131p kaydetmek; di\u011fer e\u015fyalar\u0131 ise ilgilisine veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015fiye yediemin s\u0131fat\u0131yla teslim etmek ve b\u00f6ylece tespit edilen e\u015fyalar\u0131 kararda g\u00f6stermekten ibarettir.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

An\u0131lan karardan da anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, mahkeme terekeye ait her t\u00fcr mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, de\u011ferlerini tespit ederek tam ve do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde deftere ge\u00e7irmeli, terekeye ait mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlerinden muhafazas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayanlar\u0131 sat\u0131p bunlar\u0131n paraya \u00e7evrilmesini sa\u011flamal\u0131, ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n i\u00e7inde para, d\u00f6viz gibi malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlerinin bulunmas\u0131 halinde bunlar\u0131 tereke mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak bankaya yat\u0131rmal\u0131, alt\u0131n gibi ziynet e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde bunlar\u0131 tereke mahkemesi kasas\u0131na al\u0131p kaydetmeli, di\u011fer e\u015fyalar\u0131 ilgilisine veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015fiye yediemin s\u0131fat\u0131yla teslim etmeli ve sonu\u00e7 olarak tespit edilen e\u015fyalar\u0131 kararda g\u00f6stermelidir.<\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131 sonucunda verilen karar\u0131n niteli\u011fi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tereke tespit davas\u0131 sonucunda verilen karar tedbir niteli\u011findedir ve bu nedenle kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm te\u015fkil etmemektedir.[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Mahkemece tereke tespitinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ve terekenin korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, terekenin miras\u00e7\u0131lara miras paylar\u0131 oran\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Miras\u00e7\u0131lar aralar\u0131nda anla\u015farak miras payla\u015fma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/u> yapmak suretiyle miras payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirler. Ancak gerek miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n fazla olmas\u0131, gerekse ki\u015fisel menfaatlerin \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sebebiyle uygulamada miras payla\u015fma s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ile miras payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 pek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamaktad\u0131r. Bu noktada miras\u00e7\u0131lar yarg\u0131 yollar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131<\/u> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla miras\u0131n payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep edebileceklerdir. Bu yaz\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131n\u0131 bu yollardan sadece ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 olu\u015fturmakta olup bu hususa ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak sunulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Giderilmesi Davas\u0131<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 599. maddesi ve 640\/1. maddesi uyar\u0131nca birden fazla miras\u00e7\u0131 bulunmas\u0131 durumunda bu ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda kendili\u011finden ve kanundan kaynaklanan bir ortakl\u0131k ili\u015fkisi do\u011fmaktad\u0131r. Miras\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda bulunan bu ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hukuki niteli\u011fi, payla\u015fma sonlan\u0131ncaya dek elbirli\u011fiyle m\u00fclkiyettir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla miras\u00e7\u0131lar miras paylar\u0131 \u00fczerinde serbest\u00e7e tasarruf ve taahh\u00fct i\u015flemi yapamazlar.[4]<\/sup><\/a> Miras paylar\u0131 \u00fczerinde taahh\u00fct ve tasarruf i\u015flemi yapamayan miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bu i\u015flemleri yapabilmelerini sa\u011flayacak olan yol ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131n hukuki dayana\u011f\u0131, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu madde 642\u2019de \u015f\u00f6yle ifade edilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u201c<\/em><\/strong>Payla\u015fmay\u0131 isteme hakk\u0131 <\/em><\/p>\n

Madde 642- <\/em><\/p>\n

Miras\u00e7\u0131lardan her biri, s\u00f6zle\u015fme veya kanun gere\u011fince ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, her zaman miras\u0131n payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir. <\/em><\/p>\n

Her miras\u00e7\u0131, terekedeki belirli mallar\u0131n aynen, olanak yoksa sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmesini sulh mahkemesinden isteyebilir. Miras\u00e7\u0131lardan birinin istemi \u00fczerine h\u00e2kim, terekenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 ve terekedeki mallar\u0131n her birini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutarak, olanak varsa ta\u015f\u0131nmazlardan her birinin tamam\u0131n\u0131n bir miras\u00e7\u0131ya verilmesi suretiyle payla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 yapar. Miras\u00e7\u0131lara verilen ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar\u0131n de\u011ferleri aras\u0131ndaki fark para \u00f6denmesi yoluyla giderilerek miras paylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda denkle\u015ftirme sa\u011flan\u0131r. <\/em><\/p>\n

Payla\u015fman\u0131n derh\u00e2l yap\u0131lmas\u0131, payla\u015f\u0131m konusu mal\u0131n veya terekenin de\u011ferini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltacaksa; sulh h\u00e2kimi, miras\u00e7\u0131lardan birinin istemi \u00fczerine bu mal\u0131n veya terekenin payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ertelenmesine karar verebilir.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

Madde lafz\u0131ndan da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda payla\u015fman\u0131n iki \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme imkan\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r: mal\u0131n aynen payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya mal\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f yolu ile payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. Miras\u00e7\u0131lardan her biri terekenin aynen payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilecekleri gibi mal\u0131n aynen payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak bulunmamas\u0131 halinde terekenin sat\u0131\u015f yolu ile payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da mahkemeden talep edebilecektir. Ancak, aynen taksim m\u00fcmk\u00fcn iken do\u011frudan sat\u0131\u015f yoluyla ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesinin talep edilmesi halinde davan\u0131n reddi gerekmektedir.[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Mahkemece sat\u0131\u015fa karar verilmesi halinde, a\u00e7\u0131k art\u0131rma yoluyla sat\u0131lan mallardan elde edilen mebla\u011f miras\u00e7\u0131lara paylar\u0131 oran\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Sat\u0131\u015f bedelinin belirlenmesi i\u00e7in,\u00a0 bilirki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan davaya konu olan ortakl\u0131k mal\u0131 i\u00e7in hem dava s\u00fcrecinde hem de a\u00e7\u0131k artt\u0131rma \u00f6ncesinde de\u011fer tespiti yap\u0131l\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k artt\u0131rma, bilirki\u015fi raporunda belirtilen de\u011fere sat\u0131\u015f ve payla\u015ft\u0131rma giderlerinin de eklenmesiyle olu\u015fan mebla\u011f\u0131n %50\u2019sinden ba\u015flar.[6]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Buna ek olarak, miras\u00e7\u0131lardan birinin istemi \u00fczerine hakim; e\u011fer durum ve ko\u015fullar uygunsa, terekenin tamam\u0131n\u0131 ve terekedeki mallar\u0131n her birini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutarak, ta\u015f\u0131nmazlardan her birinin tamam\u0131n\u0131n bir miras\u00e7\u0131ya verilmesi suretiyle payla\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 yapacakt\u0131r. Bu halde, miras\u00e7\u0131lara verilen ta\u015f\u0131nmazlar aras\u0131nda fark varsa, aradaki fark\u0131n di\u011fer miras\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denmesi suretiyle h\u00fck\u00fcm kurularak denkle\u015ftirme sa\u011flanacakt\u0131r. Ancak bu \u015fekilde payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in t\u00fcm miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n onay\u0131 gerekmektedir. Nitekim bu husus Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi 2013\/13009 E.2014\/1764K. say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cMiras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n oluru al\u0131nmak suretiyle tereke malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n veya tamam\u0131n\u0131n bir miras\u00e7\u0131ya teslimi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n oluru al\u0131nmadan terekenin payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furacak \u015fekilde karar verilemez. Ku\u015fkusuz bu \u015fekilde tereke emanet hesab\u0131na al\u0131nan malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131n terekeye dahil olmay\u0131p kendisine ait oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131yla her bir miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n istihkak davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 mevcut olup; dava ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde miras\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n o malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 unsurunu tereke mahkemesinin kendisine teslimini istemesi imkan dahilindedir..\u201d<\/em> \u015feklinde belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 ne zaman a\u00e7\u0131labilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 642. maddesinin 1.f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n kanun veya s\u00f6zle\u015fme gere\u011fince ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olmad\u0131klar\u0131 takdirde her zaman <\/u>a\u00e7\u0131labilecektir. Bu h\u00fck\u00fcmle, miras ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanundan kaynaklanan bir ortakl\u0131k oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in, bu ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n her zaman sona erdirilebilmesi de olanakl\u0131 hale getirilmi\u015ftir.[7]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131n\u0131 kimler a\u00e7abilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu madde 642 gere\u011fince miras\u00e7\u0131lardan her biri veya vekili ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesini ilgili mahkemeden isteyebilir. Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131na b\u00fct\u00fcn miras\u00e7\u0131lar kat\u0131lmak zorundad\u0131r, bu nedenle miras\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda zorunlu dava arkada\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda g\u00f6revli mahkeme hangisidir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6100 Say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun \u201cSulh hukuk mahkemelerinin g\u00f6revleri\u201d<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 4. maddesi uyar\u0131nca sulh hukuk mahkemeleri, dava konusunun de\u011fer veya tutar\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mal veya hakk\u0131n payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ve ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesine ili\u015fkin davalarda g\u00f6revli mahkemedir. Bu nedenle ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 a\u00e7mak isteyen miras\u00e7\u0131lar bu davay\u0131 yer y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yetkili sulh hukuk mahkemesinde a\u00e7mal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda yetkili mahkeme neresidir? <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

6100 Say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu\u2019nun \u201cMirastan do\u011fan davalarda yetki\u201d<\/em> ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 11.maddesi uyar\u0131nca mirasa ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131lan ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 i\u00e7in murisin son yerle\u015fim yeri mahkemesi yetkili mahkemedir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fc nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 basit yarg\u0131lama usul\u00fcne tabi davalardand\u0131r. Bu kapsamda davac\u0131n\u0131n dava dilek\u00e7esi vermesi ve daval\u0131 veya daval\u0131lar\u0131n cevap dilek\u00e7elerini mahkemeye ibraz etmeleri ile dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131 son bulacakt\u0131r.[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Murisin yabanc\u0131 olmas\u0131 veya murisin terekesinin yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 durumunda ne olacakt\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Murisin yabanc\u0131 olmas\u0131 veya murisin terekesinin yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 halinde, k\u0131sacas\u0131 miras uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131nda yabanc\u0131l\u0131k unsurunun varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 halinde Milletleraras\u0131 \u00d6zel Hukuk ve Usul Hukuku Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. An\u0131lan kanunun 20. maddesi miras uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131na uygulanacak hukuku g\u00f6stermektedir. Bu madde kapsam\u0131nda miras \u00f6lenin milli hukukuna tabidir. Ancak maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131 bu kural\u0131n istisnas\u0131 niteli\u011findedir. Nitekim maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz tereke\u201d i\u00e7in terekenin bulundu\u011fu \u00fclke hukuku uygulanacakt\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu h\u00fck\u00fcm tek tarafl\u0131 bir ba\u011flama kural\u0131 niteli\u011findedir. K\u0131sacas\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131nmaz tereke T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunuyorsa T\u00fcrk Hukuku, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz tereke yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunuyorsa \u00f6lenin milli hukuku uygulama alan\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r.[10]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle \u00f6lenin yabanc\u0131 bir \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda ikili bir ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekecektir. Bu ayr\u0131ma g\u00f6re \u00f6lenin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz terekesi haricindeki t\u00fcm malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00f6lenin milli hukuku, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ise T\u00fcrk Hukuku uygulanacakt\u0131r. \u00d6lenin yabanc\u0131 olup T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ta\u015f\u0131nmaz terekeye sahip olmamas\u0131 halinde ise miras i\u00e7in sadece \u00f6lenin milli hukuku uygulama alan\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r. [11]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

M\u00d6HUK\u2019un 20. Maddesinin 1.f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca uygulanacak hukuk i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n milli hukukudur, miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n vatanda\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanacak hukukun tespitine herhangi bir etkisi bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 veya miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir \u00fclkenin vatanda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip olmalar\u0131 durumunda yukar\u0131daki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131m\u0131zda bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmayacakt\u0131r.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

M\u00d6HUK m.20\/1\u2019deki h\u00fckm\u00fcn istisnas\u0131n\u0131 20\/2 h\u00fckm\u00fc olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu madde h\u00fckm\u00fc uyar\u0131nca miras\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lma sebepleri, miras\u0131n iktisab\u0131 ve miras\u0131n taksimi hususlar\u0131nda terekenin bulundu\u011fu \u00fclke hukuku uygulama alan\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r. An\u0131lan maddede 20\/1\u2019den farkl\u0131 olarak \u00f6lenin milli hukuku de\u011fil, terekenin bulundu\u011fu yer hukuku temel al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunan tereke mevcut ise miras\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, iktisab\u0131 ve taksimi konular\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Hukuku uygulanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, ifade etmek gerekir ki, M\u00d6HUK m.20\/2 h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn kapsam\u0131na T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nda d\u00fczenlenen miras\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, miras\u0131n iktisab\u0131 veya miras\u0131n taksimi hususlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc girmemektedir. TMK\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen mirasa ili\u015fkin hususlar\u0131n niteli\u011fi dikkate al\u0131narak bunlar\u0131n m. 20\/1\u2019in mi, yoksa m. 20\/2\u2019nin mi kapsam\u0131na girdi\u011fi de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.\u00a0 \u00d6rne\u011fin, ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 miras\u0131n taksimi kapsam\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bu davalara ili\u015fkin olarak terekenin bulundu\u011fu \u00fclke hukuku uygulanacakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle murisin yabanc\u0131 \u00fclke vatanda\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011funun kabul\u00fc halinde dahi, tereke T\u00fcrkiye’de ise T\u00fcrk Hukuku uygulama alan\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r. Aksi durumda ise, yani murisin T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve terekesinin yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 halinde, ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Hukuku uygulanamayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Uygulanacak hukukun tespitinden sonra yabanc\u0131l\u0131k unsuru i\u00e7eren miras davalar\u0131nda yetkili mahkemenin tespiti gerekmektedir. Bu husus Milletleraras\u0131 \u00d6zel Hukuk ve Usul Hukuku Hakk\u0131nda Kanun\u2019un 43. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenmektedir. An\u0131lan h\u00fck\u00fcm uyar\u0131nca miras davalar\u0131 \u00f6lenin yerle\u015fim yerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de olmas\u0131 halinde \u00f6lenin yerle\u015fim yeri mahkemesinde, \u00f6lenin yerle\u015fim yerinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de olmamas\u0131 halinde ise terekenin bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesinde g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, miras payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve buna ili\u015fkin davalar, her hukuki durumda oldu\u011fu gibi hukuki bilgi ve yeterlilik gerektiren durumlardand\u0131r.\u00a0 \u00d6zellikle yabanc\u0131l\u0131k unsuru i\u00e7eren miras uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 hukuk yetkinli\u011finin ve bu alanda teknik bilgiye sahip olman\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nemi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda, miras uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n bir avukat vas\u0131tas\u0131yla takip edilmesi hak kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7erek adil bir payla\u015f\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 hususunda miras\u00e7\u0131lara \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde fayda sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 miras hukukuna ili\u015fkin davalarda tecr\u00fcbe ve uzmanl\u0131k sahibi Ongur&Partners Uluslararas\u0131 Hukuk B\u00fcrosu bu konuda uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k, dava takibi ve di\u011fer hukuki hizmetleri sunmakta olup konuya ili\u015fkin ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in hukuk b\u00fcromuzla temasa ge\u00e7mekten \u00e7ekinmeyiniz.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> KILI\u00c7O\u011eLU, Ahmet, Miras Hukuku, 11.Bas\u0131m, Ankara, s.264<\/p>\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> Yarg\u0131tay 8. Hukuk Dairesi 2013\/13009 Esas ,2014\/17643 \u201c…Tereke tespiti davalar\u0131 delil tespiti niteli\u011finde olup, istihkak davas\u0131 niteli\u011finde de\u011fildir.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> Bkz. Yarg\u0131tay 14. Hukuk Dairesi 2015\/10189 Esas 2017\/2637 Karar say\u0131l\u0131 Karar\u0131: \u201cOrtakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131, \u00e7eki\u015fmeli olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken terekenin tespiti talebi, \u00e7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 i\u015fidir. Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesi kesin yetkili iken, terekenin tespiti davas\u0131nda miras b\u0131rakan\u0131n yerle\u015fim yeri mahkemesi kesin yetkilidir. Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giderilmesi davas\u0131 sonucunda verilen h\u00fck\u00fcm, nihai h\u00fck\u00fcm niteli\u011finde olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n terekenin tespiti davas\u0131 sonucunda verilen h\u00fck\u00fcm, tedbir niteli\u011finde olup nihai h\u00fck\u00fcm te\u015fkil etmez.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 KILI\u00c7O\u011eLU, Ahmet, Miras Hukuku, 11.Bas\u0131m, Ankara, s.307<\/p>\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 ERDO\u011eAN, Hasan, Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Giderilmesi (\u0130zalei \u015euyu) Davalar\u0131, Adalet Yay\u0131nevi, Ankara, 2008, s.323<\/p>\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 ATE\u015eA\u011eAO\u011eLU Erdem, ELG\u0130N Ceyhun, Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Giderilmesi (\u0130zale-i \u015e\u00fcyu) Davalar\u0131:Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz Sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u0130statiksel Bir Analiz, Online eri\u015fim: http:\/\/tbbdergisi.barobirlik.org.tr\/m2018-139-1809<\/a>, s.230<\/p>\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 ERG\u00dcNE, Mehmet Serkan, Terekedeki M\u00fcnferit Mallar \u0130\u00e7in K\u0131smi Payla\u015fma Davas\u0131 A\u00e7ma \u0130mkan\u0131n\u0131n De\u011ferlendirilmesi, Online eri\u015fim: https:\/\/dergipark.org.tr\/tr\/download\/article-file\/333970\u00a0 s. 1071<\/p>\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> ATE\u015eA\u011eAO\u011eLU Erdem, ELG\u0130N Ceyhun, Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Giderilmesi (\u0130zale-i \u015e\u00fcyu) Davalar\u0131:Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz Sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u0130statiksel Bir Analiz, Online eri\u015fim: http:\/\/tbbdergisi.barobirlik.org.tr\/m2018-139-1809<\/a>, s.224<\/p>\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> ATE\u015eA\u011eAO\u011eLU Erdem, ELG\u0130N Ceyhun, Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Giderilmesi (\u0130zale-i \u015e\u00fcyu) Davalar\u0131:Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz Sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u0130statiksel Bir Analiz, Online eri\u015fim: http:\/\/tbbdergisi.barobirlik.org.tr\/m2018-139-1809<\/a>, s.229<\/p>\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> \u015eANLI, Cemal, Milletleraras\u0131 \u00d6zel Hukuk, 3.Bas\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2014, s.205<\/p>\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a> \u015eANLI, Cemal, Milletleraras\u0131 \u00d6zel Hukuk, 3.Bas\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2014, s.206<\/p>\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> \u015eANLI, Cemal, Milletleraras\u0131 \u00d6zel Hukuk, 3.Bas\u0131, \u0130stanbul, 2014, s.206<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TEREKE TESP\u0130T DAVASI VE TESP\u0130T ED\u0130LEN TEREKEN\u0130N PAYLA\u015eTIRILMASI \u00a0 \u00a0 Murisin terekesinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, murisle miras\u00e7\u0131 aras\u0131nda yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131 veya murisin bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n tam olarak saptanamamas\u0131 gibi durumlarda murisin terekesinin tespiti ve bu nedenle miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal edecek olan mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti do\u011frudan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu gibi durumlarda miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal edecek terekenin tam ve […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3369,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[207],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3366","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-tr"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Ads\u0131z-tasar\u0131m.png",1267,828,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Ads\u0131z-tasar\u0131m-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Ads\u0131z-tasar\u0131m-300x196.png",300,196,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Ads\u0131z-tasar\u0131m-768x502.png",768,502,true],"large":["https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Ads\u0131z-tasar\u0131m-1024x669.png",1024,669,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Ads\u0131z-tasar\u0131m.png",1267,828,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Ads\u0131z-tasar\u0131m.png",1267,828,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Ongur Partners Law Firm","author_link":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/author\/admin"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"TEREKE TESP\u0130T DAVASI VE TESP\u0130T ED\u0130LEN TEREKEN\u0130N PAYLA\u015eTIRILMASI \u00a0 \u00a0 Murisin terekesinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, murisle miras\u00e7\u0131 aras\u0131nda yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bulunmamas\u0131 veya murisin bor\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve alacaklar\u0131n\u0131n tam olarak saptanamamas\u0131 gibi durumlarda murisin terekesinin tespiti ve bu nedenle miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal edecek olan mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tespiti do\u011frudan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu gibi durumlarda miras\u00e7\u0131lara intikal edecek terekenin tam ve…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3366","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3366"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3366\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3366"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3366"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ongurpartners.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3366"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}